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In which portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is the maximum intensity of Earth’s outgoing radiation?*
Base your answers to questions 2 on the diagrams below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagrams represent electromagnetic waves being transmitted (T) by a Doppler radar weather instrument and waves being reflected (R) by rain showers. This instrument produces computer images that show the movement of rainstorms.
This Doppler radar instrument transmits electromagnetic energy in the form of microwaves. Some microwave wavelengths are between the wavelengths of*
Base your answers to questions 3 on the passage below and on your knowledge of Earth science.
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
In the 1920s, Edwin Hubble’s discovery of a pattern in the red shift of light from galaxies moving away from Earth led to the theory of an expanding universe. This expansion implies that the universe was smaller, denser, and hotter in the past. In the 1940s, scientists predicted that heat (identified as cosmic microwave background radiation) left over from the Big Bang would fill the universe. In the 1960s, satellite probes found that cosmic microwave background radiation fills the universe uniformly in every direction, and indicated a temperature of about 3 kelvins (K). This radiation has been cooling as the universe has been expanding.
Cosmic microwave background radiation is classified as a form of electromagnetic energy because it*
Most of the electromagnetic energy radiated from Earth’s surface is in the form of*
Most of which type of electromagnetic radiation is given off by Earth’s surface at night?*
Most of the long-wave energy radiated from Earth and lost to space on a cloudless night is*
Which type of electromagnetic radiation listed below has the longest wavelength?*
Base your answers to questions 8 on the data table below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The data table lists four constellations in which star clusters are seen from Earth. A star cluster is a group of stars near each other in space. Stars in the same cluster move at the same velocity. The length of the arrows in the table represents the amount of redshift of two wavelengths of visible light emitted by these star clusters.
Write the chemical symbol for the element, shown in the table, that absorbs the two wavelengths of light. [1]*
Base your answers to questions 9 on the data table below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The data table shows how the destruction of the ozone layer in Earth’s atmosphere has affected the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching Earth’s surface beneath the areas of ozone destruction.
On the table in the image provided, place one check mark in each row to compare the relative wavelengths of other types of electromagnetic radiation to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. [1]
Wavelength Comparison to Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation *
